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COIR

Coir fibres are more or less coarse and have natural antibacterial and fire-retardant properties.
Coir is made from the fibrous material found in between the inner kernel and the outer green flesh.
The coconut is the fruit of the slow-growing coconut palm, which grows up to 25 metres tall and has a natural lifespan of up to 80 years.

January 2023

 

Extract from HÅNDVÆRK bookazine no.6.
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Coconuts and coir fibre are produced on the coasts of Sri Lanka, in India and in Indonesia.

Coir is used for brushes and mats, it can be spun into yarn and used for rope, rugs and upholstery stuffing, among other purposes. Coir can also be used in composite materials.
Coir comes in brown and white.
The brown fibre comes from ripe coconuts, while the finer white fibre comes from unripe nuts.

The fibrous layer of the ripe fruit is separated from the shell in a process that can be more or less manual. The manual process uses a hand-operated drum that can handle 2,000 coconuts per day, while a modern electric machine can process 2,000 nuts per hour.
The coarse fibres from the ripe fruit are used for brushes, mats and furniture padding, among other purposes. Once the fibres are separated from the shell, impurities are removed and the fibre is washed, dried and pressed into bales to be sent on for industrial processing. The inner kernels are sold whole or turned into coconut oil.
The unripe fruit is processed differently, in a process closer to that used for flax, hemp and jute. The fruit is retted in sea water for up to 12 months before the fibres detach and can be processed and sent to the industrial plants that spin yarn or produce furniture stuffing.

Although retting is a natural fermentation process, it is not toxin-free, and it is also very slow. Therefore, researchers are studying whether enzymes can be used to speed up the process, and some producers are using both enzymes and chemicals to soften the fibres.

One of the challenges in the production of coir is that almost all the production is handled by small-scale farmers who do not have access to knowledge about how more sustainable methods can be incorporated into the increasingly industrialized production. Another challenge is that many plantations are at risk of disappearing because old trees are not replaced with new ones when felled.

Uddrag fra HÅNDÆRK bookazine no. 6.
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Coirfibrene er mere eller mindre stride, de er naturligt antibakterielle og brandhæmmende.
Coir fremstilles af det fibermateriale, som findes mellem kokosnøddens kerne og dens yderste, grønne lag.
Kokosnødden er frugten af den langsomt voksende kokospalme, som kan blive 20-25 meter høj og har en levetid på op til 80 år.

​Kokosnødder og coir-fibre prodceres langs kysterne på Sri Lanka, i Indien og i Indonesien

made from COIR : Broom from Swedish supermarket, scrub brushes SIMPLE GOODS

Coir bruges som børster og måtter, kan spindes til garn og anvendes til reb og gulvtæpper og som polstermateriale blandt andet. Coir kan også indgå i kompositmaterialer.
Coir fås som brun og hvid.
Den brune fiber stammer fra modne kokosnødder.
Den hvide fiber, som er finere, kommer fra de umodne.

Den modne frugts fiberlag adskilles fra skallen i en proces, som kan være mere eller mindre manuel. Den manuelle proces, som foregår med en hånddrevet tromle, kan rense 2000 kokosnødder om dagen, en moderne elektrisk maskine kan rense 2000 nødder i timen.
De brune fibre fra den modne frugt er stride og bliver blandt andet brugt til børster, måtter og polstermateriale.
Når fibrene er skilt fra skallen, renses de for urenheder, hvorefter de vaskes, tørres og pakkes i baller og sendes videre til den industri, som forarbejder råmaterialet. Kokosnødderne, eller rettere kernerne, fortsætter i deres kanaler og bliver solgt hele eller forarbejdet til olie.

Den umodne frugt bearbejdes anderledes, mere som man kender det fra hør, hamp og jute, frugten ‘rødnes’ i havvandet i op til 12 måneder, inden fibrene slipper og kan bearbejdes og sendes videre til de industrier, som spinder garner eller fremstiller polstermateriale.

Selvom rødning er en naturlig fermenteringsproces, er den ikke ugiftig, og den er tillige langsommelig. Der forskes derfor i metoder, hvor man ved hjælp af enzymer kan forcere processen, ligesom man også flere steder har taget både enzymer og kemikalier i brug for at blødgøre fibrene.

Udfordringerne i produktionen af coir er blandt andre, at næsten al produktionen varetages af småbønder, som ikke har adgang til viden om, hvordan den mere og mere industrialiserede produktion kan håndteres bæredygtigt, og mange plantager er truet på deres eksistens, fordi de gamle træer, når de fælles, ikke erstattes af nye.

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